Why are your knees hurt: The reasons why you should do

Knee pain is a widespread symptom, a boredom in the body, the formation of joint disease or simply increasing foot load.

It is difficult to find a person who has never experienced pain in a certain life.The congestion of various intensity in knee joint, the clicks or pains in both adults and children for many reasons.If an old man is, the probability of various diseases is higher, the first sign is the pain in the knee.This is due to the body's age features: to sow metabolic processes, wearing the cartilage tissue of joints, join other problems with muscularosheletal system, blood vessels, nerves.

Complex anatomical structure, many structures and significant loads are experiencing and frequent downloads, knee joints are very sensitive.Damage to any element of the structure, such as the synovial bag, the directory and therefore, the motor function of pain syndrome is violated.Ligaments and menisi are considered the most sensitive, 80-85% of situations are injured.

Anatomical structure of the knee

The knee consists of two tumors and jackets, a tibia tube bone, muscles, nerves, ship, ligaments, pantella (knee cup), a dash combination, a knee joint, a knee joint.

Knee joint is one of the great combinations of the body.The femural bone is approaching him from the top.Articular surfaces of lateral (external) and medially (internal) air conditioners are expressed with patella and tibia.Meniski, which is a combination of unifying tissue, serves as a shock absorber.Thanks to them, a rational distribution of human weight in a tiger plateau occurs and the stability of joint growth.Synchronize capsules-ligaminous structures that provide a fine, double-headed, half-back and other muscles, knee joint motor activity.

The knee elements are connected to each other by many ligaments.There is two cross ligament in the joint - the back and front.Hobbies joins the bones of fiber and tibia, the collateral ligaments.The sitting of the popliteal ligament is located behind the burzle of the knee joint.The basic capsule, which does not communicate with the joint, differs from a number of articular gaps.Blood supply to knee elements is carried out by a network of noble blood vessels and is carried out by nerve fibers in innervation.

Causes of knee pain

There are many reasons for combining knees divided into several groups.

Traumatic lesions of knee elements:

1. Bitter of the knee.As a result of blood vessels, local bleeding occurs in the soft texture of the compound.Redness, swelling, damage to the nervous ends pain in the action and difficulty.
2. In full or partial ligament hernia.More often, the partial violation of the integrity of the inner side ligament arising from the extreme twisting of the lower leg is diagnosed.

The foreign ligament is less frequent than the interior.This is due to a powerful deviation into the inside of the lower leg, when showing his foot.The crossing of the cross ligaments is accompanied by an imminent degree of hemarthrosis.

A complete hernia of both ligament often damages the torn of the inner meniscus, a joint bag.Such injuries are already caused by the knee combination with severe pain, which depends on the degree of space in intensity.

1. Hemetriosis of knee joint - shed blood in the joint.There is a traumatic and inhumane nature.Traumatic hemarthrosis is observed in full or incomplete broken fractures of meniscies, ligaments, protracted fractures, rotten area rot.It is one of the symptoms of diseases characterized by an increase in non-human choice, blood vessel walls or violations of a blood clot system.These include heavy forms of hemophilia, itching, hemorrhagic diagez.The blood pressing the joint of the joint is squeezed the tissue, which violates the circulation of blood.A special pigment - hemosider -, hyalin cartilage, synovial cartilage, a negative impact on the synovial bag, causes them to lose their elasticity.The result of the joint Bource's lesion is the increase in the production of its villi and joint fluid.The result of repeated bleeding is the dedication and destruction of the compound.
2. Knee meniscopathy - violation of the integrity of the meniscus of the knee joint.In lateral shape, external meniscus, medial - were damaged.It is most common, but it is difficult to damage the knee partner.In the risk zone of the disease, only athletes are in intensive training, and at the same time ordinary people.The hernia of the meniscus can come from a sharp unusual action when turning the body, turn the leg.
3. Dyslocation of Knee Cup - Patella pathological displacement.Trauma, the number of general dislocation is diagnosed, not more than 0.7%.More often the external dislocation, less - internal, very rarely - vertically or here.With a dislocated dislocation of the knee cup with a knee cup (external) condiment (external) condiment on the condense, the other is determined from the condyle.
4. Closed or open fractures of knee joint, upper part of the bones of the lower leg or lower waist. Such injuries are often damaged by soft tissues of the knee, massive bleeding, extreme mobility in the knee area extreme mobility.

Inflammatory and degenerative-dystrophic diseases of articular elements of the directory:

1. Arthritis - inflammatory damage to the combination of the knee.A similar mechanism for pathological development is observed in osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylogy, rheumatoid arthritis, gout (with the collapse of mutilations).
2. Osteoarthrosis (gonarthrosis) With the defeat of the knee joint of the knee, which affects all the structures and causes serious degenerative changes.
3. Bursette Bursa with the inflammation of the synovial causes pain in the bending of the bending and to extend the actions on the knee.
4. Periarthritis tendons of knee joint - Inflammation of the capsule of gas tendons of paws, knee tendons, as well as common muscles and ligaments.In this case, pain mainly focuses on the stairs, especially heavy and the internal surface of the knee.
5. Patella is the crush Non-stylish changes in the cartilage of the article (rear) surface of Patella.The rubble rate may be different: from the softening areas of the lights and to full abrasion.

6. Chondromatic - A serious chronic disease due to the dustrastic process with Islet Degeneration of the articular membrane of the articular membrane.Oscision of individual cartilage institutions is not excluded.
7. Baker cyst - The occurrence of an intense elastic round tumor in a popliteal fossa located on the opposite side of Patellan.Cyst is clearly visible in the position of the knee.Cause anxiety, pain in the popliteal area.Significantly squeezes blood vessels and nerves that cause significant dimensions, innervation and blood circulation.
8. Goft Disease - A disease accompanied by the damage and further violation of the adipose tissue located around the knee joint.Pinches in oil cells, edema and other losses - adipocytes - ends with a replacement with dense fibrous tissue.As a result, the Bumpon function of the Oil Pillow is violated, the adipose tissue itself is not able to play a role in the shock.
9. Osgud -Serter Disease - a pathology characterized by the crimes of the lush part of the tibia.Diagnostics playing a sports game between the ages of 10-18 years in adults.Patella, in the absence of treatment, a severe bump that is limited to the foot, as well as fully immobilization, as well as muscle hypothyrophy.

The irradiation of pain in the knee is possible:

1. Kokesarthrosis of the hip combination - Chronic damage to a hip combination accompanied by progressive degeneration and dibycin changes.Often the pain spread to the outer surface of the thigh or down to the knee or down.
2. The nervous neuropathy of the soldier - Spasming of non-minute damage or blood vessels as a result of compression.It reaches feet by passing the nerves, lower back and tailbone and pelvis.In any point, the length of the block causes impaired sensitivity or pulsating pain.
3. Fibromyalgia - Symptoms, muscle weakness, depression, etc. in the form of arthrralgia.

Some system diseases causing knee pain:

1. Osteoporosis - Changes the disease, mineral composition and bone density of a chronic progressive course.Cause the bones to "wash 'of the" wash "of calcium.The process is accompanied by a smoke or aching pain in the limbs.
2. Bones tuberculosis.The tuberculosis of the bone area causes permanent severe pain.
3. Osteomyelitis - a contagious and inflammatory natural disease that affects all structural elements of the bones.Both specific, tuberculosis, tuberculosis, more often Kokcal, osteomyelitin hyperemia, milk and muscles, are a hyperemia of febrile temperature.
4. Some infectious diseases.With Reiter Syndrome, joints are affected by the involvement of urogenital tract and eye mucosa.One of the manifestations of Lyme disease is artTralgia.

Types of knee pain

Depending on the etiology, the nature and intensity of pain may differ.

• Painful.Arthritis with osteoarthrosis.
• Acute, strong.The fractures of knee elements, ripping ligaments, sharp bucket, knee bucket, exacerbation of meniscopathy, deform the osteoarthrosis.
• Defect.With a meniscus injury with the starting deformation arithe.
• Boring.With osteomyelitis.
• Dumb.Burit, with chronic osteocondrit.
• Burning.By squeezing the sciatic nerve on the nerve.
• Fire. While squeezing the nerve trunk.
• Pain while walking.With a baker's cyst, bukkhrough, arthritis, gonarthroz, a pererile.
• Pain alone. Gut, with arthritis.

Diagnosis of pathologies that cause knee pain

Physical examination:

• Collect anamnesis and complaints;
• Visual inspection with the palpation of the knee.

Laboratory research:

• Biochemical and clinical blood tests;
• Serological blood test;
• Immunological blood test;
• Rheumatological tests;
• Bacteriological analysis of Sinovial liquid.

Invasive instrumental methods:

• arthroscopy;
• The puncture of a joint bag;
• Bone biopsy puncture.

Unused instrumental diagnosis:

• X-ray of knee joint;
• densitometry;
• Ultrasound joint research;
• MRI or CT.

Treatment of knee pain

If one or both of the incident has pain in one or both knees, you need to turn the patient's complaints and objective examination, a narrow specialist - an orthopedist, a rheumaticist, a romemiastologist, a propagandist or a neurologist.You should contact a surgeon or orthopedic trauma in case of any injury.

In each case, the treatment is different, it depends on the cause of pain in the type of injury or disease.Each disease has its own treatment mode.But first the patient should follow several common rules:

• Significantly reduces the walking period and remains in the feet during the day;
• Temporarily (before restoring) athletes or ordinary people from the jump or jump;
• While increasing your pain, apply a bandage by the knee from an elastic band, while he completely left the actions;
• wear a bandage or a bandage for the immobilization of knee joint;
• A bruise, the traumatic effects are in place.

Romematoid, psorized arthritis, systematic autoimmune diseases, need seriously integrated treatment for years.Basic therapy immunosuppressors, non-meters anti-inflammatory and hormonal medications, gold preparations, etc.

In the treatment of bursites, painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs are used.If an infection is detected, a course of antibiotics.The therapeutic puncture of the bag is carried out for the application of an extreme liquid from the synovial cavity and / or the application of one of corticosteroids.The operation helps to get rid of the chronic inflammation of the brush - the surgical assuction of the synovial bag.

Deforming Osteoarthroid, glucolicostostosteroids, NSAIDs and the length of the length of the chndroprotants are effective in the length of non-parallel injections.To overcome pain syndrome, the anti -inflamatic effects are constructed in the dimexion or bischofit, ointment and gels, which are the effects of ointment and ointments.Helps massage, physiotherapy, therapeutic gymnastics.Heavy lesions of the knee joint requires surgical intervention - joint endoprostetics.

Treatment of osteoporosis, preparations for bisposphones, calcium, vitamin D and so on.

The treatment of the meniscus raw can be conservative or surgical.Consists of conservative therapy, analgesic, NSAIDs, hyaluronic acid, chondroprotants.However, the first, the joint accommodation is carried out.

Types of surgical intervention:

• Meniskectomy;
• partial (incomplete) meniskectomy;
• meniscus transplant;
• arthroscopy;
• Arthroscopic stitch of the meniscus.

With any injury to the knee, the rehabilitation period, which should occur under the control of a rehabilitation or orthopedist after treatment, is very important.The doctor will compile an optimal joint recovery program.Basic methods of postoperative rehabilitation massage and therapeutic gymnastics.Classes in special simulators are also effective, gradually developing a knee joint.